Comunidades en DSpace
Seleccione una comunidad para explorar sus colecciones.
Envíos recientes
Phenolic compounds versus SARS-CoV-2: An update on the main findings against COVID-19 (5.0)
(Helyon, 2022-09-14) Hernández Martínez,Ernesto
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains an international concern. Although there are drugs to fight it, new natural alternatives such as polyphenols are essential due to their antioxidant activity and high antiviral potential. In this context, this review reports the main findings on the effect of phenolic compounds (PCs) against SARS-CoV-2 virus. First, the proven activity of PCs against different human viruses is briefly detailed, which serves as a starting point to study their anti-COVID-19 potential. SARS-CoV-2 targets (its proteins) are defined. Findings from in silico, in vitro and in vivo studies of a wide variety of phenolic compounds are shown, emphasizing their mechanism of action, which is fundamental for drug design. Furthermore, clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of PCs in the prevention and as a possible therapeutic management against COVID-19. The results were complemented with information on the influence of polyphenols in strengthening/modulating the immune system. It is recommended to investigate compounds such as vitamins, minerals, alkaloids, triterpenes and fatty acids, and their synergistic use with PCs, many of which have been successful against SARS-CoV-2. Based on findings on other viruses, synergistic evaluation of PCs with accepted drugs against COVID-19 is also suggested. Other recommendations and limitations are also shown, which is useful for professionals involved in the development of efficient, safe and low-cost therapeutic strategies based on plant matrices rich in PCs. To the authors' knowledge, this manuscript is the first to evaluate the relationship between the antiviral and immunomodulatory (including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects) activity of PCs and their underlying mechanisms in relation to the fight against COVID-19. It is also of interest for the general population to be informed about the importance of consuming foods rich in bioactive compounds for their health benefits
The vulnerability of a centralized food system: An opportunity to improve food security in times of COVID-19-Peru perspective
(Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 2022-09-12) Hernández Martínez,Ernesto
COVID-19 has had a strong impact on the food supply chain (FSC) in many countries. The objective of this study was to determine the vulnerability of the FSC in a developing country, namely Peru. The main weakness of the FSC is its centralization, and COVID-19 aggravated this deficit in Peru. This prevents its stability on a large scale, especially in rural areas, which suffer from food and nutritional insecurity. In spite of this, the food system was stabilized due to agricultural, livestock and fishing potential of Peru. In addition, the efforts of local producers and informal vendors helped to maintain the availability of food throughout the country. Several examples of short (and decentralized) FSC were described, highlighting their importance for supplying the population in different areas of the country. In addition, they allow for rapid resolution of interruptions such as the current health crisis. Also mentioned are some suggestions for strengthening Peru's FSC such as the use of new technologies, self-production of food and the exploitation of non-conventional food sources. Emphasis is placed on the importance of environmental sustainability of the FSC and of implementing strategies to prevent illness among workers. This study aims to reflect on the importance of having a resilient and flexible FSC. Taking Peru as a model, the information provided is useful to understand how to improve the food system through the intervention of all the agents involved, such as government, academia, industry and the population.
Effect of antifreeze proteins on the freeze-thaw cycle of foods: fundamentals, mechanisms of action, current challenges and recommendations for future work
(Helyon, 2022-09-30) Hernández Martínez,Ernesto; Bazán Tantaleán,Delicia Liliana
Freezing is widely used in food preservation, but if not carried out properly, ice crystals can multiply (nucleation) or grow (recrystallization) rapidly. This also affects thawing, causing structural damage and affecting overall quality. The objective of this review is to comprehensively study the cryoprotective effect of antifreeze proteins (AFPs), highlighting their role in the freeze-thaw process of food. The properties of AFPs are based on their thermal hysteresis capacity (THC), on the modification of crystal morphology and on the inhibition of ice recrystallization. The mechanism of action of AFPs is based on the adsorption-inhibition theory, but the specific role of hydrogen and hydrophobic bonds/residues and structural characteristics is also detailed. Because of the properties of AFPs, they have been successfully used to preserve the quality of a wide variety of refrigerated and frozen foods. Among the limitations of the use of AFPs, the high cost of production stands out, but currently there are solutions such as the use the production of recombinant proteins, cloning and chemical synthesis. Although in vitro, in vivo and human studies have shown that AFPs are non-toxic, their safety remains a matter of debate. Further studies are recommended to expand knowledge about AFPs, to reduce costs in their large-scale production, to understand their interaction with other food compounds and their possible effects on the consumer.
A comprehensive review of the benefits of drinking craft beer: Role of phenolic content in health and possible potential of the alcoholic fraction
(Current Research in Food Science, 2023-03-08) Hernández Martínez,Ernesto; Minchán Velayarce,Hans Himbler; Pasapera Campos,Sandra Eloisa
Currently, there is greater production and consumption of craft beer due to its appreciated sensory characteristics. Unlike conventional beer, craft beers provide better health benefits due to their varied and high content of phenolic compounds (PCs) and also due to their alcohol content, but the latter is controversial. The purpose of this paper was to report on the alcoholic fraction and PCs present in craft beers and their influence on health. Despite the craft beer boom, there are few studies on the topic; there is a lot of field to explore. The countries with the most research are the United States > Italy > Brazil > United Kingdom > Spain. The type and amount of PCs in craft beers depends on the ingredients and strains used, as well as the brewing process. It was determined that it is healthier to be a moderate consumer of alcohol than to be a teetotaler or heavy drinker. Thus, studies in vitro, with animal models and clinical trials on cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, diabetes and obesity, osteoporosis and even the immune system suggest the consumption of craft beer. However, more studies with more robust designs are required to obtain more generalizable and conclusive results. Finally, some challenges in the production of craft beer were detailed and some alternative solutions were mentioned.
Propuesta de un sistema de generación eléctrica a partir de biogás para el suministro eléctrico del fundo Nuevo Mundo, Imaza - Amazonas
(Universidad Nacional de Jaén, 2026-01-28) Flores Ramirez,Pedro Eli Omar; Uriarte Fernández,Jairo; Fernández Mera,José Andrés
En el Fundo Nuevo Mundo (Imaza–Amazonas) se propone valorizar el estiércol bovino para producir biogás y generar electricidad, asegurando suministro continuo y reducción de costos e impactos; estudio aplicado y descriptivo-proyectivo; se auditó la demanda (2.26 kW instalados; 5.72 kWh/día), se censó el conjunto de ganado (64 reses) y se dimensionó un biodigestor tubular Biobolsa BB30 con TRH = 20 días y dilución 1:2; la selección tecnológica se realizó con matriz de criterios, y el grupo electrógeno de 3 kW se definió por la curva carga–consumo; la evaluación económica consideró horizonte = 10 años y tasa de descuento = 10 %, incorporando CAPEX y OPEX; se estimó una producción de 16.9 m³/d de biogás (25–30 kWh/d), suficiente para cubrir la demanda actual; con estos supuestos, los indicadores fueron: VAN = S/ 3,273.95 y TIR = 12.43 %, confirmando viabilidad; la solución aporta continuidad del servicio, reduce la dependencia de diésel y genera digestato utilizable como biofertilizante; en conclusión, el sistema propuesto es técnica y económicamente factible para contextos rurales amazónicos, con potencial de réplica y escalamiento comunitario, condicionado a capacitación operativa y mantenimiento preventivo, además de una gestión adecuada de seguridad e higiene en el manejo del digestor y del gas.